Calculate capacitance, charge, energy, and time constants for capacitors
A capacitor is an electronic component that stores electrical energy in an electric field. It consists of two conductive plates separated by a dielectric material. Capacitors are used in various electronic circuits for filtering, timing, and energy storage.
C = Q/V
Where C = capacitance (F), Q = charge (C), V = voltage (V)
Q = C × V
Where Q = charge (C), C = capacitance (F), V = voltage (V)
E = ½ × C × V²
Where E = energy (J), C = capacitance (F), V = voltage (V)
τ = R × C
Where τ = time constant (s), R = resistance (Ω), C = capacitance (F)
Capacitance: 100 μF
Voltage: 12 V
Q = 100 × 10⁻⁶ × 12 = 1.2 mC
Capacitance: 220 μF
Voltage: 5 V
E = ½ × 220 × 10⁻⁶ × 5² = 2.75 mJ